Mandatory GHG Reporting for 2024–2025

Summary#

This is a federal notice under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 that tells certain large facilities to report their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for 2024 and 2025. Operators that meet the rules must send detailed emissions data to Environment and Climate Change Canada using the ECCC Single Window by June 2, 2025 (for 2024 data) and June 1, 2026 (for 2025 data).

What it does#

• Requires facilities that meet the reporting rules in the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program to submit annual GHG data for 2024 and 2025.
• Applies when a facility emits 10,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent or more in a calendar year, or when a facility is involved in CO2 capture, transport, injection, utilization or storage.
• Covers common greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), many hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs).
• Sets out detailed reporting items for different industries (for example: cement, lime, aluminium, iron and steel, electricity and heat generation, ammonia, nitric acid, hydrogen, petroleum refining, pulp and paper, base metals, and CO2 infrastructure).
• Requires use of prescribed quantification methods (including Canada’s 2024 Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements and, in some cases, Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems).
• Excludes CO2 from biomass combustion and biomass decomposition when deciding whether a facility meets the 10,000 tonnes threshold.
• Requires records and supporting calculations to be kept at the facility or at a Canadian parent company for 3 years.
• Allows companies to ask that submitted information be treated as confidential, but the government may still publish some data. The Minister intends to publish facility-level emission totals by gas and source category.
• Tells operators who previously reported in 2023 and now think they no longer meet the criteria to notify the Minister by June 2, 2025, and similarly to notify by June 1, 2026 for changes affecting the 2025 year.

Who's affected#

• Operators of facilities in Canada that emit at least 10,000 tonnes CO2‑equivalent in 2024 or 2025.
• Specific industrial sectors named in the notice, including: cement, lime, aluminium, iron and steel, electricity and heat generation, ammonia, nitric acid, hydrogen, petroleum refining, pulp and paper, base metal production, ethanol, mining, and facilities involved with CO2 capture/transport/injection/storage/utilization.
• Pipeline operators and some offshore installations that move or store CO2.
• Facilities already reporting under provincial systems or the federal Output‑Based Pricing System — they must still provide the information required by this notice (reports may be submitted through the same Single Window system but as separate program reports).
• If it is unclear whether a particular site meets the rules, the operator must calculate its total emissions following the notice and Canada’s quantification guidance.

Why it matters#

• The government will get more detailed, standardized facility-level GHG data. That helps produce better national inventories and supports policy, research, and public reporting.
• For affected facilities, the notice means extra reporting work and record-keeping. Detailed production and emissions measurements may be required.
• The notice includes enforcement consequences: failure to comply or providing false information can lead to fines (first‑offence fines cited up to $1,000,000 for an individual and $6,000,000 for a corporation).
• Published facility totals will increase transparency about where emissions come from in Canada, which can affect investors, communities, and local planning.