Summary#
This bill contains many separate titles. The largest part (the "Market Choice Act") creates a new tax on greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels, certain industrial processes, and some product uses. It sets a starting tax rate for 2027 and a method to increase the rate each year. It also creates a Border Greenhouse Gas Adjustment to tax some imports and rebate exports, and it establishes the Rebuilding Infrastructure and Solutions for the Environment (RISE) Trust Fund to receive most revenues and directs how those funds are to be distributed to highways, airports, research, state grants, and other programs. The bill repeals certain federal motor vehicle and aviation fuel excise taxes after 2025 and makes many climate-related changes to other laws, creates a National Climate Commission, and provides help for displaced energy workers.
Other titles in the bill include: increased funding for the National Cancer Institute (KO Cancer Act); a Department of Defense coordinator for communities affected by PFAS contamination; a National Bipartisan Fiscal Commission to recommend deficit and debt legislation; new ethics restrictions on Members of the House limiting ownership or trading of many financial instruments; provisions to strengthen financial-sector efforts against human trafficking; a requirement for a rule on reinforced interior and exterior school doors and related grant funding; changes to primary voting access for unaffiliated voters and prohibitions on noncitizen voting; a required review of certain intelligence sharing with Ukraine; and veterans-related benefits for veterans who die from ALS.
What it means for you#
- If you buy gasoline, diesel, natural gas, or other fuels, the bill would impose a new tax on greenhouse gas emissions from those fuels beginning with a set rate in 2027 and higher rates in later years, though the bill text does not provide an overall dollar estimate for how much prices or taxes would change.
- States and households: the bill creates state grants intended for eligible low-income households funded from the RISE Trust Fund; the bill describes how each State would get a share based on the State's share of certain fuel and energy sales.
- Workers: the bill funds programs for displaced workers in the energy sector for up to 10 years and describes eligible activities such as retraining, relocation, and health benefits.
- Communities near defense sites: the Department of Defense must name a PFAS Coordinator to improve outreach and liaison work.
- Schools: the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency must convene a committee and then issue a rule to require installation or modification of interior and exterior school doors; the bill authorizes additional grant money for those actions.
- Voters: the bill would require States to allow unaffiliated voters to vote in primary elections for Federal office and restrict States from sharing unaffiliated voters’ information with political parties; it also requires States receiving certain federal election funds to certify that noncitizens cannot vote.
Expenses#
No publicly available information on the total net fiscal effect of the bill is provided in the text.
- The bill creates the RISE Trust Fund to receive 75 percent of amounts paid into the Treasury under the new Subtitle L greenhouse gas taxes and lists percentage allocations from the Trust Fund for specified programs (for example, 70 percent to the Highway Trust Fund for fiscal years 2027–2036 and 10 percent for State grants), but it does not state total dollar amounts or revenue estimates.
- The KO Cancer Act portion appropriates, for each fiscal year 2026 through 2030, an amount equal to 25 percent of the total amount appropriated to the National Cancer Institute for fiscal year 2024, to remain available until expended.
- The National Climate Commission is authorized $5,000,000 per year for fiscal years 2027 through 2036.
- The SAFER Schools Act authorizes an additional $100,000,000 for the State Homeland Security Grant Program in the fiscal year the final door rule is issued and for each of the nine fiscal years thereafter.
- The bill repeals certain existing federal excise taxes on motor vehicle and aviation fuel effective after December 31, 2025, but does not provide a revenue estimate or offset calculations in the text.
Proponents' View#
- The bill text states findings that U.S. infrastructure is essential and underfunded, that strategic infrastructure investment can promote economic growth, and that extreme weather and climate risks are increasing; it frames the greenhouse gas taxation and trust fund as a way to address emissions while funding infrastructure and climate resilience.
- The bill supports assistance for workers affected by energy transitions, increased funding for cancer research, measures to help communities harmed by PFAS, stronger financial-sector efforts to combat human trafficking, and steps to improve school security and voter access for unaffiliated voters.
Opponents' View#
No publicly available information.